Mateusz Wieteska was born on 11 February 1997 in Warsaw, Poland. He began his career in the youth system of Legia Warsaw and made his debut for the first team in the 2014 Polish Super Cup final against Zawia Bydgoszcz. In his early years, he was loaned to several teams to gain experience.

In 2017, he moved to Górnik Zabrze, where he had his first full season as a starting defender, making 42 appearances and scoring seven goals. His excellent performances caught the attention of Legia Warsaw, who brought him back in 2018.

At Legia , Wieteska became a key figure in the defense and played for five seasons, recording a total of 150 appearances, eight goals and four assists. During his tenure, he won three Polish championships, establishing himself as one of the top defenders in the Ekstraklasa.

In the summer of 2022, Clermont made him theirs. In Ligue 1, he stayed for a year, recording 37 games, one goal and two assists, proving his ability to compete at a high level.

In August 2023, Cagliari paid 5,000,000 euros from their coffers and made the Polish central defender a resident of Italy. In Serie A, he recorded 28 appearances and two assists.

At international level, Wietęska has played for all of Poland’s youth national teams, while in 2022 he made his debut with the men’s national team and has made four appearances to date.